Conductor for the armature-windings of dynamo-electric machines.



No. 782,463. PATENTED FEB. 14, 1905.

' 0. A. PARSONS.

CONDUCTOR FOR THE ARMATURE WINDIN P DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES.

- APPLICATION FILED .1.1902.

5 SHEETS SHEET 1.

am X G/ W O a No. 782,463. PATENTED FEB. 14, 1905. O. A. PARSONS.

CONDUCTOR FOR THE ARMATURE WINDINGS 0F DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINESAPPLIUATION I-ILED OOT.1.1902.

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No. 782,463. PATENTED FEB. 14, 1905.

0. A. PARSONS. CONDUCTOR FOR THE ARMATURE WINDINGS OP DYNAMO ELECTRICMACHINES APPLICATION FILED 0OT.1.1902.

5 SHEETS-SHEBT 4.

No. 782,463. PATENTED FEB. 14, 1905.

0. A. PARSONS. CONDUCTOR FOR THE ARMATURE WINDINGS 0F DYNAMO ELECTRICMACHINES.

APPLICATION FILED OUT. 1. 1902.

5 SHBETSSHEET b.

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Patented February 14, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES ALGERNON PARSONS, OF NEIVCASTLE-UPON-TYNE,ENGLAND.

CONDUCTOR FOR THE ARMATURE-WINDINGS OF DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 782,463, dated February14, 1905.

Application filed October 1,1902. Serial No. 125,565.

To all wit/mt it Uta/y concern:

Be it known that LCHAELES ALGERNON PAR- SONS, engineer, a subjectof theKing of Great Britain and Ireland,residing at Heaton \Vorks,Newcastle-upon-Tyne, England,have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Conductors for the Armature VVindings of Dynamo-ElectricMachines, (for which I have made application for Letters Patent in GreatBritain, No. 5,374, bearing date March 4;, 1902,)of which thefollowingisa specification.

This invention relates to the windings of dynamos, motors. and the like.

The object of this invention is to reduce the sparking which takesplace, for example, at the brushes of continuous-current dynamos. I havefound that this sparking is chiefly determined by the inductionincidental to the commutation of the current under the brushes, or, inother words, the energy required to divert the flow in a very shortinterval of time from one section of the armature-winding to I have alsofound experimentally by plotting the graduation of potential around thecommutator-brushes that the rate of graduation is closely related to theinduction of commutation and indicates the amount of sparking. I havealso found by experiment that by surface-winding an armature with aconductor of thin flat cross-section and formed of insulated strandshaving a lay of one complete turn or two or more complete turns in thelength of the core of the armature the induction of commutation andsparking are largely reduced and that the spiral lay, even in a verywidely-extended thin and flat con ductor, prevents all tendency to localcurrents in the copper.

My invention consists generally in so forming and disposingarmature-conductors as to reduce the induction of commutation andconsequent sparking to a minimum.

The accompanying drawings illustrate my invention, Figure 1 being a viewof an armature wound with conductors constructed according to myinvention, one of the conductors being shown in section. Fig. 2 is anoutside view of a conductor constructed according to my invention. Fig.3 is a sectional elevation of the flattened part of the conductor shownin Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a similar view to Flg. 3 and shows a tubularconductor in which the wires are spirally wound on a spiral weft or coreof opposite hand to the winding of the wires. Fig. 5 is a view of asurface-wound armature in which the conductors are of the form shown inFig. 4:, one of the conductors being shown in section. Figs. 6 and 7show methods of connecting the conductors.

In carrying my invention into effect according to one form as applied,for example, in the case of a drum-wound armature a flat section ofconductor is preferably maintained throughout the whole armature, Fig.7, &c., including the end windings; but in some cases the strands may begathered into a circular, oval, or other form f 1 Fig. 2 and Fig. 6, atthe ends beyond the armature-core for facility in winding, the inductionof conductors not in the immediate neighborhood of iron being less. Ifind that there is no difliculty in winding such a flat conductor on anarmature, provided that it is suitably woven or otherwise constructedwith or without a flat core of some flexibility. Such a conductor can beeasily curved round the ends 7) y), Fig. 7, doubled over at m andbrought back on the reverse spiral, again turned along the core, andsimilarly formed at the other end. Multiple coils of this descriptioncan also be used instead of single coils, as above described, when sorequired for high voltages. I sometimes use a tubular conductor/1.,Figs.4 and 5,formed of insulated strands of copper spirally woundfor an integral number of turns round a core of cotton, hemp, or othersuitable material 1!, in which strands or ribbons of magnetic ornonmagnetic material maybe inserted, which has the effect of reducingthe self-induction in a similar manner to that above described. I mayalso form the conductor of any other equivalent form to secure thelowest induction of commutation. The conductor lmay manufacture invarious ways. In one case the strands, previously insulated oruninsulated, are woven in a braiding-machine of ordinary construction,the conductor forming the spiral warp of the desired pitch and the weftbeing an opposite spiral of thin cotton, hemp, or other suitablematerial.

It may be woven ina thin oval or flat form; but I generally prefer toweave it in a tubular form and afterward to flatten the tube more orless. At any period of the flattening process a core of any suitablethickness or material can be inserted. For example, a tube of insulatingmaterial might be employed of any suitable material.

Instead of one spiral of insulated conductors I may have two lays in thesame or opposite directions, preferably with a layer of insulatingmaterial between the lays, or other arrangement of lays or arrangementof conductors and insulating material, provided that such strands 0, (Z,and e have a suitable number of complete turns, spirals, convolutions,or plaits or other symmetrical path in the length of the core and areproperly insulated, so as to prevent local currents. Another method ofmanufacture is to lay or wind the strands round a thin tube of suitableinsulating material, which may, for example, be paper spirally wound.The conductors are then taped up and varnished, the cylinder carryingthe tube being subsequently removed and the whole flattened to form thearmature-strip. Such conductors can be laid on a smoothturned core, orthe core may be milled or grooved with teeth in any suitable way for thereception of the edges of the conductors.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. In dynamo-electric machines of the continuous-current type, asurface-wound armature having conductors made of strands spirally Woundor plaited around a solid core for a complete number of turns in thelength of the armature, substantially as described.

2. In dynamo-electric machines of the continuous-current type, asurface-wound armature having conductors made of strands spirally woundaround an insulating-core for a complete number of turns in the lengthof the armature and of flattened cross-section Where they pass in closeproximity to the body of the armature, substantially as described.

3. In dynamo-electric machines of the continuous-current type, asurface-wound armature having conductors oi flattened cross-section andmade of strands spirally wound or plaited around an insulating-core fora complete number of turns and wound on the armature with each conductoroverlapping the adjacent one, substantially as described.

4. In dynamo-electric machines of the continuous-current type, a surfacearmaturewinding, each conductor composed of separately-insulatedstrands, such strands being neutrally disposed far apart to reduceself-induction and having a general spiral or symmetrical series ofconvolutions of an integral number of turns in the length of the core,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In dynamo-electric machines of the continuous-current type, asurface-wound armature having conductors of tubular form and made ofstrands spirally wound around a solid core for a complete number ofturns in the length of the armature, substantially described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twowitnesses.

CHARLES AllGEltNON PARSONS.

